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The Report, Part 2

May 2016

"The outcomes of maternity care and maternity care interventions have traditionally focused on important short-term outcomes such as perinatal mortality, newborn morbidity (e.g., measured by Apgar score, cord blood analysis, and/or admission to advanced care), and certain maternal outcomes. There is increasing recognition, including from other frameworks, that exposures during the highly sensitive perinatal period may have implications for longer-term health and well-being" (Buckley, 2015).

Let's take a look at the a few of the other frameworks mentioned in the report by Buckley, and why they should be taken into consideration when looking at the hormonal physiology of labor and delivery.

Read more: The Report, Part 2

The Report, Part 1

May 2016

In my last post, I began the discussion of a recent report by Sarah J. Buckley, entitled, "Hormonal Physiology of Childbearing: Evidence and Implications for Women, Babies, and Maternity Care", (2015). Throughout the month of May, I will present various pieces of information from this commissioned report, through Childbirth Connection, that was published in January of last year.

In Part 1, let's look at the physiologic onset of term labor in humans.

Read more: The Report, Part 1

Care of the Mother/Baby Dyad

April 2016

For the next several weeks, I will be sharing information from a 2015 study released through Childbirth Connection, entitled, "Hormonal Physiology of Childbearing: Evidence and Implications for Women, Babies, and Maternity Care.”  In this commissioned report, the author takes researched evidence to view four hormonal systems involved in childbearing: oxytocin, beta-endorphin, epinephrine-norepinephrine and cortisol (the stress system), and prolactin.  This is some powerful information and may bring on a great deal of thought and discussion about our routine practices around the care of pregnant, birthing, and postpartum women.

Read more: Care of the Mother/Baby Dyad

Informal Milk Sharing

April 2016

In the March/April 2016 issue of Maternal-Child Nursing, Diane Spatz, PhD, RN-BC, FAAN presents a well-written opinion piece on families in the NICU at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) participating in an informal sharing of breast milk.  She reports that among the reasons mothers choose to share human milk are HIV-positive mothers, maternal deaths, adoption, glandular hypoplasia, and those with breastfeeding challenges who do not want to expose their children to artificial infant milk.

Read more: Informal Milk Sharing

More on Synthetic Oxytocin

March 2016

Early this month, I posted some information about synthetic oxytocin (synOT) and possible effects on lactation.  The latest issue of BIRTH published a very interesting study about continued effects which suggests some startling long-range problems.  Among those listed is this:  "Women who were exclusively breastfeeding at 2 months postpartum had received significantly less synOT compared with their non-exclusively breastfeeding counterparts."  The authors explain possible mechanisms for this result, saying "after administration, synOT may activate positive feedback mechanisms, whereby receptors in the body binding to synOT respond to this influx by signaling for an increase in the production of circulating oxytocin, resulting in the persistently high levels observed months after parturition."

Read more: More on Synthetic Oxytocin

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This Privacy Policy describes how your personal information is collected, used, and shared when you visit or make a purchase from https://step2education.com (the "Site").

PERSONAL INFORMATION WE COLLECT

When you visit the Site, we automatically collect certain information about your device, including information about your web browser, IP address, time zone, and some of the cookies that are installed on your device. Additionally, as you browse the Site, we collect information about the individual web pages or products that you view, what websites or search terms referred you to the Site, and information about how you interact with the Site. We refer to this automatically-collected information as Device Information."

We collect Device Information using the following technologies:

  • "Cookies" are data files that are placed on your device or computer and often include an anonymous unique identifier. For more information about cookies, and how to disable cookies, visit http://www.allaboutcookies.org.
  • "Log files" track actions occurring on the Site, and collect data including your IP address, browser type, Internet service provider, referring/exit pages, and date/time stamps.
  • "Web beacons," "tags," and "pixels" are electronic files used to record information about how you browse the Site.

Additionally when you make a purchase or attempt to make a purchase through the Site, we collect certain information from you, including your name, billing address, shipping address, payment information (including credit card numbers), email address, and phone number. We refer to this information as "Order Information."

  • Users who are undertaking a course as part of a group or organization have certain data tracked as part of the service we provide to Clients and Facilitators. This includes information showing if you have logged in and when, dates of completion and what and when particular study topics, resources and assessments were viewed and completed. We refer to this information as "Student Access Information"

When we talk about "Personal Information" in this Privacy Policy, we are talking about Device Information, Order Information and Student Access Information.

HOW DO WE USE YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION?

We use the Order Information that we collect generally to fulfill any orders placed through the Site (including processing your payment information, arranging for shipping, and providing you with invoices and/or order confirmations). Additionally, we use this Order Information to:

  • Communicate with you;
  • Screen our orders for potential risk or fraud; and
  • When in line with the preferences you have shared with us, provide you with information or advertising relating to our products or services.

We use Student Access Information to provide accurate tracking to Users and Clients on completion and use of the courses, as well as for analysis on how to improve our services.

We use the Device Information that we collect to help us screen for potential risk and fraud (in particular, your IP address), and more generally to improve and optimize our Site (for example, by generating analytics about how our customers browse and interact with the Site, and to assess the success of our marketing and advertising campaigns).

SHARING YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION

We share your Personal Information with third parties to help us use your Personal Information, as described above. For example, with your employer who needs to verify your completion or progress of your studies. We also use Google Analytics to help us understand how our customers use the Site--you can read more about how Google uses your Personal Information here: https://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/privacy/. You can also opt-out of Google Analytics here: https://tools.google.com/dlpage/gaoptout.

Finally, we may also share your Personal Information to comply with applicable laws and regulations, to respond to a subpoena, search warrant or other lawful request for information we receive, or to otherwise protect our rights.

BEHAVIOURAL ADVERTISING

As described above, we use your Personal Information to provide you with targeted advertisements or marketing communications we believe may be of interest to you. For more information about how targeted advertising works, you can visit the Network Advertising Initiative's ("NAI") educational page at https://www.networkadvertising.org/understanding-online-advertising/how-does-it-work.

You can opt out of targeted advertising by:

Additionally, you can opt out of some of these services by visiting the Digital Advertising Alliance's opt-out portal at: http://optout.aboutads.info.

DO NOT TRACK

Please note that we do not alter our Site's data collection and use practices when we see a Do Not Track signal from your browser.

YOUR RIGHTS

If you are a European resident, you have the right to access personal information we hold about you and to ask that your personal information be corrected, updated, or deleted. If you would like to exercise this right, please contact us through the contact information below.

Additionally, if you are a European resident we note that we are processing your information in order to fulfill contracts we might have with you (for example if you make an order through the Site), or otherwise to pursue our legitimate business interests listed above. Additionally, please note that your information will be transferred outside of Europe, including to Canada and the United States.

DATA RETENTION

When you place an order through the Site, we will maintain your Order Information and Student Access Information for our records unless and until you ask us to delete this information. We are required to keep course completion records for at least 5 years in order to comply with certain accreditation requirements.

CHANGES

We may update this privacy policy from time to time in order to reflect, for example, changes to our practices or for other operational, legal or regulatory reasons.

CONTACT US

For more information about our privacy practices, if you have questions, or if you would like to make a complaint, please contact us by e-mail at info@step2education.com or by mail using the details provided below:

5890 Monkland Avenue, #16, Montreal, QC, H4A 1G2, Canada

Last Updated: September 2018